What is the key difference between broad-spectrum and narrow-spectrum antibiotics?

The key difference between broad-spectrum and narrow-spectrum antibiotics lies in their range of action against different types of bacteria. Broad-spectrum antibiotics are designed to target a wide variety of bacteria, including both Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms. This makes them particularly useful in situations where the specific causative bacteria are unknown, allowing for effective treatment of various infections.

In contrast, narrow-spectrum antibiotics are tailored to be effective against a specific type or group of bacteria. This specificity allows for targeted treatment, which can help in minimizing the impact on the body’s natural flora and reducing the chances of developing antibiotic resistance. Therefore, the ability of broad-spectrum antibiotics to act on a wide range of bacteria, while narrow-spectrum antibiotics focus on particular bacterial strains, is the distinguishing factor that highlights their different applications in clinical practice.