Which disease is primarily transmitted by vectors such as mosquitoes?

Malaria is primarily transmitted by vectors, specifically mosquitoes of the Anopheles genus. These mosquitoes are responsible for the life cycle of the malaria-causing parasites, mainly Plasmodium species. When an infected mosquito bites a human, it injects the parasites into the bloodstream, leading to infection. This mode of transmission highlights the critical role that the mosquito plays in the spread of malaria, making it a vector-borne disease.

In contrast, typhoid fever is typically transmitted through contaminated food or water rather than by vectors. Measles is primarily spread through respiratory droplets from an infected person, and hepatitis viruses can be spread through various means, including sexual contact and contaminated surfaces, but not through mosquitoes. This distinct mechanism of transmission helps to categorize malaria specifically as a vector-borne disease.