Which type of immunity does the Sabin polio vaccine primarily induce?

The Sabin polio vaccine, which is an oral polio vaccine (OPV), primarily induces active immunity. This vaccine contains live, attenuated strains of the poliovirus, which stimulate the immune system to produce a response. When an individual receives the Sabin vaccine, their body recognizes the attenuated virus as a pathogen and mounts an immune response. This includes the production of specific antibodies against the virus, as well as the activation of immune cells that can recognize and destroy similar pathogens in the future.

Active immunity is characterized by the body's own immune system developing a defense against an infectious agent after exposure to it, either through infection or vaccination. In the case of the Sabin vaccine, the exposure is through the weakened virus, which allows for long-lasting immunity as the body "remembers" how to fight off the virus if encountered again.

This contrasts with passive immunity, which involves the transfer of antibodies from one individual to another (e.g., maternal antibodies to a newborn) and does not involve the recipient's immune system generating a response. Humoral immunity specifically refers to the antibody-mediated immune response, while cell-mediated immunity involves the activity of T-cells. While both types of immune responses can occur following vaccination with the Sabin vaccine, it