Which types of RNA are primarily involved in protein synthesis?

The types of RNA primarily involved in protein synthesis are messenger RNA (mRNA), ribosomal RNA (rRNA), and transfer RNA (tRNA).

mRNA serves as the template that carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized. This process starts with transcription, during which mRNA is formed based on the DNA sequence. After its synthesis, mRNA is translated into a specific protein with the help of ribosomes.

rRNA is a structural and functional component of the ribosome, the cellular machinery responsible for protein synthesis. It facilitates the reading of the mRNA and ensures that the correct amino acids are linked together in the right order.

tRNA plays a crucial role by serving as the adaptor molecule that translates the mRNA code into a sequence of amino acids. Each tRNA molecule carries a specific amino acid and has an anticodon that pairs with the corresponding codon on the mRNA, thus ensuring that the correct amino acid sequence is formed during translation.

Other options contain RNA types that do not play a direct role in the protein synthesis process. For example, DNA is not an RNA type and plays a role in genetic information storage. Similarly, miRNA (microRNA) and sRNA (small RNA) are